Neurological history 1

 Respiratory history 3 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Pulmonary embolism (pleuritic chest pain, SOB, cough, recent surgery, signs of DVT, recent long journey) Other differentials: Acute coronary syndrome e.g. stable angina (possible due to chest pain but unlikely due to cough, pleuritic chest pain and lack of cardiovascular risk factors, past medical history and family…

Mental health history 1 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Anxiety (insomnia, racing thoughts, change in appetite, stress) Other differentials: Hyperthyroidism (possible due to racing thoughts but less likely as lack of systemic features) Depression (possible due to sleep disturbance and change in mood, but less likely due to lack of helplessness, typical depression features, and…

 Neurological history 3 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Cluster headache (pain around eye, autonomic symptoms, periods of remission) Differential diagnosis: Temporal arteritis (pain around eye, but no visual disturbances, jaw claudication, or other suggestive features) Migraine with aura (intense headaches, but less likely due to autonomic features, triggers associated with cluster headache as well as…

 Gastrointestinal history 6 Written by Moriom Begum Diagnosis: Haemorrhoids (fresh blood, pruritus, recent constipation, lumps) Other differentials: Anal fissure (fresh blood, recent constipation but lumps indicate haemorrhoids) Anal cancer (unlikely due to acute history and age but may be considered if not responding to treatment) Mark scheme for history taking can be found below  …

 Gastrointestinal history 8 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Inflammatory bowel disease (diarrhoea, location of pain, fatigue, weight loss, blood in stools, extra-gastrointestinal manifestations) Other differentials: Chronic pancreatitis (possible due to weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pain but less likely due to location of pain, no other suggestive symptoms) Coeliac disease (possible due to abdominal pain and…

 Musculoskeletal history 2 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Osteoarthritis (pain, gradual onset, worse with use, improves with rest, stiffness, age, history of heavy use of joint) Differential diagnosis: Crystalline arthropathies (ie, gout and pseudogout) (joint pain, stiffness, swelling) Inflammatory arthritis (eg, rheumatoid arthritis) (joint pain, stiffness, swelling) Mark scheme for history taking can be found…