Respiratory history 6 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Community acquired pneumonia (recent infectious contact, green/yellow sputum, fever, dyspnoea, tachycardia, chills and sweating) Other differentials: Acute bronchitis (similar in presentation but sweating and fever more associated with pneumonia, no wheeze or chest tightness) Influenza (less likely due to chills, productive cough, tachycardia, sweating, and no improvement…
Gastrointestinal history 6 Written by Moriom Begum Diagnosis: Haemorrhoids (fresh blood, pruritus, recent constipation, lumps) Other differentials: Anal fissure (fresh blood, recent constipation but lumps indicate haemorrhoids) Anal cancer (unlikely due to acute history and age but may be considered if not responding to treatment) Mark scheme for history taking can be found below …
Gastrointestinal history 7 Written by Moriom Begum Diagnosis: Anal fissure (fresh blood, pain during bowel movement, previous constipation) Other differentials: Haemorrhoids (fresh blood, previous constipation but less likely due to sharp pain during bowel movement and no lumps or pruritus) Inflammatory bowel disease (possible due to family history, may present with perianal disease, blood in…
Gastrointestinal history 8 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Inflammatory bowel disease (diarrhoea, location of pain, fatigue, weight loss, blood in stools, extra-gastrointestinal manifestations) Other differentials: Chronic pancreatitis (possible due to weight loss, fatigue, abdominal pain but less likely due to location of pain, no other suggestive symptoms) Coeliac disease (possible due to abdominal pain and…
Neurological history 3 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Cluster headache (pain around eye, autonomic symptoms, periods of remission) Differential diagnosis: Temporal arteritis (pain around eye, but no visual disturbances, jaw claudication, or other suggestive features) Migraine with aura (intense headaches, but less likely due to autonomic features, triggers associated with cluster headache as well as…
Neurological history 4 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Meningitis (typical symptoms, infectious contacts) Differential diagnosis: Tension headache associated with a viral illness (possible due to features of infection, but less likely due to location of pain, photophobia) Migraine with aura (generalised headache with photophobia and family history, but less likely due to infectious symptoms and…
Neurological history 5 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Migraine with aura (throbbing intense pain, photophobia, bright zig zag patterns, possible family history) Differential diagnosis: Tension headache (intense pain worse with stress, location but less likely due to associated symptoms) Giant cell arteritis/ temporal arteritis (location of pain, throbbing, visual changes but as symptoms more suggestive…
Neurological history 6 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Giant cell arteritis (age, location of pain, jaw claudication, intense throbbing, visual disturbance) Other differentials: Trigeminal neuralgia (location of pain, worsens with certain actions but less likely due to visual disturbance) Migraine (intense throbbing pain, visual changes could be aura, but less likely due to location of…
Neurological history 7 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Trigeminal neuralgia (location of pain, neuropathic pain, episodes of intense pain, sudden onset, triggers) Other differentials: Giant cell arteritis (age, location of pain, but less likely due to neuropathic pain, clear triggers and lack of jaw claudication and visual disturbances) Migraine (intense pain, but less likely due…
Mental health history 1 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Anxiety (insomnia, racing thoughts, change in appetite, stress) Other differentials: Hyperthyroidism (possible due to racing thoughts but less likely as lack of systemic features) Depression (possible due to sleep disturbance and change in mood, but less likely due to lack of helplessness, typical depression features, and…
