Neurological history 3

 Respiratory history 4 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: COPD (progressive cough, SOB, age, family history of pulmonary disease, smoking history) Other differentials: Congestive heart failure (cough and exertional features and cardiovascular risk factors, but less likely due to no orthopnoea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea and much more gradual onset) Bronchiectasis (due to productive cough, SOB,…

Acute Kidney Injury We have two kidneys in our body. The kidney is like a filter, removing waste and toxins from the blood. This waste and toxins come out in your pee. Acute kidney injury, or AKI, is when your kidneys are damaged, and the kidneys suddenly stops working properly. If the kidneys don’t do…

 Neurological history 5 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Migraine with aura (throbbing intense pain, photophobia, bright zig zag patterns, possible family history) Differential diagnosis: Tension headache (intense pain worse with stress, location but less likely due to associated symptoms) Giant cell arteritis/ temporal arteritis (location of pain, throbbing, visual changes but as symptoms more suggestive…

 Musculoskeletal history 4 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Septic arthritis (local and systemic inflammatory features, recent knee surgery) Differential diagnosis: Haematoma post-operation (recent knee surgery but does not explain local and systemic inflammatory features) Problem with prosthesis placement (same as above) Mark scheme for history taking can be found below    

 Respiratory history 2 Written by Leya Bedar Diagnosis: Asthma (episodic cough, SOB, wheeze, atopy, family history of atopy, recently got a pet – common trigger) Other differentials: Bronchiectasis (cough producing mucus, less likely due to atopic features and no identifiable risk factors) Interstitial lung disease (possible due to non-productive cough and link to triggers but…